Test II.

Approved by ……..…………… Ch. Zolzaya (PhD)  /Head of English Studies Department/

SPEAKING “CARDS” for S.EL 310. (15 points)

№	Topic	Answer the questions	Define the following terms	Read the passage and retell its main idea	Describe the picture /tables, graphs, pictures/
1	Computers and the internet.	1. How often do you use a computer? 2. What for do you use it? 3. Do you lke using the internet? Why/Why not?	bridge, repeater, modem, network interface card, workstation, mainframe, ISDN	Network devices are components used to connect computers or other electronic devices together so that they can share files or resources like printers or fax machines. Devices used to set up a Local Area Network (LAN) are the most common type of network devices used by the public. A LAN requires hub, switch, router. There are two types of hubs: active and passive. Passive hubs simply connect all ports together electrically and are usually not powered. Active hubs use electronics to amplify and clean up the signal before it is broadcast to the other ports. Hubs are devices used to link several computers together. They repeat any signal that comes in on one port and copy it to the other ports. It works in physical Layer of OSI Model. A network switch is a computer networking device that connects network segments. Network switches are capable of inspecting data frames as they are received, determining the source and destination device of that frame, and forwarding it appropriately. Routers are highly intelligent devices that connect multiple network types and determine the best path for sending date. Routers are normally used to connect one LAN to another.	Table 1
2	Electronic communications	1. What is electronic communications? 2. What is social media? 3. What tools do you use to share content?	social networking service, platform, electronic, monologue, quiry, prominent	Electronic communication is any communication done electronically. All social media are part of electronic communication, but not all electronic communication is social media. Social media are electronic media that transform passive audiences into active participants in the communication process by allowing them to share content, revise content, respond to content, or contribute new content. In short, social media is a conversation supported by online tools such as Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, LinkedIn, Flickr, Digg, Delicious. Facebook, a social networking site, is the #1 website worldwide with more page views than Google. 33% of Facebook users are fans of brands – the #1 reason: To get special offers and promotions. On YouTube, the average user spends 15 minutes a day on the site. A recent survey suggests that video company profiles on YouTube have more measurable impact than company profiles on Facebook, LinkedIn, and other prominent sites.	Picture on Electronic communications
3	Communication devices	1. What must a computer be equipped for a two- way communication with? 2. How do VOIP based technology move data? 3. What technology do satellite phones use?	Profile, forum, link, post, blog, handle	You may have seen someone write in a notebook to answer a question. Maybe you have seen people using sign language or other gestures. You may have seen someone push buttons on a computer that speaks for them. These are all forms of augmentative and alternative communication, or AAC. Augmentative communication devices are defined as the devices that give a voice to people, who otherwise do not have one. This kind of communication device enables the individuals to express their needs and wants, thereby eliminating the need to rely on others for assistance. These kind of augmentative communication devices are also referred to as assistive communication devices. By constant practice and training, many individuals can successfully voice their needs and opinions.	Picture on communication devices
4	Operating systems	1. What is operating system? What does it manage? 2. What OS do you know? Name at least 4OS and more. 3. How many managers are of every operating system? What is network manager for?	Icon, pointer, folder, menu, window, maximize	An operating system (OS) is the program that, after being initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer. An operating system performs these services for applications: ·         In a multitasking operating system, the operating system determines which applications should run in what order and how much time should be allowed for each application before giving another application a turn. ·         It manages the sharing of internal memory among multiple applications. ·         It handles input and output to and from attached hardware devices, such as hard disks, printers, and dial-up ports. ·         It sends messages to each application or interactive user (or to a system operator) about the status of operation and any errors that may have occurred. ·         It can offload the management of what are called batch jobs (for example, printing) so that the initiating application is freed from this work. ·         On computers that can provide parallel processing, an operating system can manage how to divide the program so that it runs on more than one processor at a time.	Picture on OS
5	Linux	1. How is Linux different from other operating systems? 2. Why should a business use Linux? 3. What is a benefit of Samba?	vendor, terminal, Ubuntu, open source, validation, aggregation	Linux is different from other operating systems in many important ways. First, and perhaps most importantly, Linux is open source software. The code used to create Linux is free and available to the public to view, edit, and—for users with the appropriate skills—to contribute to. Linux is also different in that, although the core pieces of the Linux operating system are generally common, there are many distributions of Linux. This means that Linux is incredibly customizable, because not just applications, such as word processors and web browsers, can be swapped out. Linux users also can choose core components, such as which system displays graphics, and other user-interface components.    You may have heard of Unix, which is an operating system developed in the 1970s at Bell Labs by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others. Unix and Linux are similar in many ways, and in fact, Linux was originally created to be similar to Unix. Both have similar tools for interfacing with the systems, programming tools, file system layouts, and other key components. However, Unix is not free.	Graph on Linux usage
6	Job	1.Are you a student or do have a job? 2.What qualifications do you hope to get from your studies? 3.Do you meet many people in your job/studies? Why/Why not?	Listening test 6 /part 2/	Software engineers are involved in the design and development of many types of software, including software for operating systems and network distribution, and software for compilers (which convert programs for execution on a computer). In programming, or coding, software engineers instruct a computer, line by line, how to perform a desired function. Software engineers must possess strong programming skills, but are often more concerned with developing algorithms and analyzing and solving programming problems than with actually writing code. Typically software engineers, working in applications or systems development, analyze first the needs of the user. They then design, construct, test, and maintain computer applications software or systems to meet these needs.	Picture 4
7	Embedded system development process	1. What is a computer used for? 2. What can be downloaded into a simulator? And for what purpose? 3. How many steps are for testing?	Keyboard, scanner, monitor, mouse, monitor, microphone	No matter where you go, or what you do an embedded system is helping you, serving you, protecting you. Embedded systems are computer components which interface with - and control mechanical and electrical systems. They often rely on sensors like an air bag in a car or human interface like pushing a bun to perform a specific task. Unlike general-purpose computers which perform multiple tasks, embedded systems are designed to do a specific task. They can be large enough to run a factory re-assembly line or small enough to fit in your watch. They can be found in every industry on a planet. There are a few examples: finance, defense, home appliances, electronics, automotive, business and manufacturing, medicine	Table 5
8	Peripherals	1. Can you name new advances in medical technology? 2. Have you ever used CPOE before? 3. What is an optic scanner for?	EHR, lab-on-a-chip, PACS, bar coding, implanted microchip, interoperability	A peripheral device is generally defined as any auxiliary device such as a computer mouse or keyboard that connects to and works with the computer in some way. Other examples of peripherals are image scanners, tape drives, microphones, loudspeakers, webcams, and digital cameras. Many modern devices, such as digital watches, smartphones and tablet computers, have interfaces that allow them to be used as a peripheral by desktop computers, although they are not host-dependent in the same way as other peripheral devices.	Graph 5
9	TV or radio	1. Describe a TV or radio programme you enjoyed when you were a child. 2. Explain why you enjoyed this programme when you were a child. 3. What are differences between the TV and radio programs?	Workstation, hub, smartphone, terminal, micro robotic tweezers, WLAN	For many decades, radio and television broadcasters have been the primary source of critical information to the public in the event of disasters such as tornadoes, hurricanes, tropical storms, floods, snowstorms, earthquakes, tsunamis, solar storms, terrorist violence, mass transportation accidents, and industrial or technological catastrophes. Broadcasters can play this important role both before an impending event and also during and after an event. On these occasions, radio and television broadcasting provides reliable point-to-everywhere delivery of essential information and safety advice to the public, to first responders, and to others via widely available consumer receivers, both mobile and fixed.	Picture 5
10	Internet service	1. How often do you go online? 2. What do you use the internet for? 3. What’s your favorite website?	modem, broadband, dial-up, antivirus software, hotspot, Wi-Fi	Internet service provider (ISP), company that provides Internet connections and services to individuals and organizations. In addition to providing access to the Internet, ISPs may also provide software packages, e-mail accounts, and a personal Web site or home page. ISPs can host Web sites for businesses and can also build the Web sites themselves. ISPs are all connected to each other through network access points, public network facilities on the Internet backbone. The rise of commercial Internet services and applications helped fuel a rapid commercialization of the Internet. This phenomenon was the result of several other factors as well. One important factor was the introduction of the personal computer (PC) and the workstation in the early 1980s—a development that in turn was fueled by unprecedented progress in integrated circuit technology and an attendant rapid decline in computer prices. Another factor, which took on increasing importance, was the emergence of Ethernet and other “local area networks” (LANs) to link personal computers.	Graph on frequency of Internet usage